| China |
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| Geography | |
| Location: | Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam. |
| Area: | total: 9,596,961
sq km land: 9,569,901 sq km water: 27,060 sq km |
| Natural Resources: | coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminium, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest) |
| Population and Health | |
| Population: | 1,330,141,295 (July 2010 est.) |
| Age structure: | 0-14 years:
17.9% (male 128,363,812/female 109,917,641) 15-64 years: 73.4% (male 501,987,034/female 474,871,442) 65 years and over: 8.6% (male 55,287,997/female 59,713,369) (2010 est.) |
| Population growth rate: | 0.494% (2010 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 12.17 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) |
| Death rate: | 6.89 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) |
| Sex ratio: | at birth:
1.14 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.17 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2010 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: | total: 16.51
deaths/1,000 live births male: 15.84 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth: | total population:
74.51 years male: 72.54 years female: 76.77 years (2010 est.) |
| Total fertility rate: | 1.54 children born/woman (2010 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | 0.1% (2007 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | 700,000 (2007 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths: | 39,000 (2007 est.) |
| Literacy: | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90.9% male: 95.1% female: 86.5% (2002) |
| Economy | |
| GDP (purchasing power parity): | $8.789 trillion (2009 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate): | $4.814 trillion (2009 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate: | 8.7% (2009 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP): | $6,600 (2009 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector: | agriculture:
10.6% industry: 46.8% services: 42.6% (2009 est.) |
| Labor force: | 813.5 million (2009 est.) |
| Population below poverty line: | 2.8% (2007) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | -0.7% (2009 est.) |
| Investment (gross fixed): | 45.2% of GDP (2009 est.) |
| Agriculture - products: | rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish |
| Industries: | mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites |
| Industrial production growth rate: | 9.5% (2009 est.) |
| Exports - commodities: | electrical and other machinery, including data processing equipment, apparel, textiles, iron and steel, optical and medical equipment |
| Currency (code): | yuan (CNY); note - also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB) |
| Fiscal year: | Calendar year |
| Others | |
| Nationality: | noun: Chinese
(singular and plural) adjective: Chinese |
| Religions: |
Daoist (Taoist),
Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2% note: officially atheist (2002 est.) |
| Languages: |
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) |
| Country name: | conventional
long form: People's Republic of China conventional short form: China |
| Government type: | Communist state |
| Capital: | name: Beijing geographic coordinates: 39 56 N, 116 24 E time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: despite its size, all of China falls within one time zone |
| Administrative divisions: | 23 provinces
(sheng, singular and plural), 5 autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and
plural), and 4 municipalities (shi, singular and plural) provinces: Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; (see note on Taiwan) autonomous regions: Guangxi, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Xizang (Tibet) municipalities: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Tianjin note: China considers Taiwan its 23rd province; see separate entries for the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau |
| Independence: | 221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Manchu Dynasty replaced by a Republic); 1 October 1949 (People's Republic established) |
| Legal system: | based on civil law system; derived from Soviet and continental civil code legal principles; legislature retains power to interpret statutes; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
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Source : CIA The World Factbook |
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