India  
   
Geography
Location: Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan
Area: total: 3,287,263 sq km
land: 2,973,193 sq km
water: 314,070 sq km
Natural Resources: coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land
Population and Health
Population:  1,236,344,631 (2014 est.)
Age structure:

0-14 years: 28.5% (male 187,016,401/female 165,048,695)
15-24 years: 18.1% (male 118,696,540/female 105,342,764)
25-54 years: 40.6% (male 258,202,535/female 243,293,143)
55-64 years: 5.8% (male 43,625,668/female 43,175,111)
65 years and over: 5.7% (male 34,133,175/female 37,810,599) (2014 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.25% (2014 est.)
Birth rate: 19.89 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Death rate:  7.35 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Sex ratio: 

at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female
total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Infant mortality rate:

total: 43.19 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 41.9 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 44.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Life expectancy at birth: 

total population: 67.8 years
male: 66.68 years
female: 69.06 years (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate: 2.51 children born/woman (2014 est.)
Current contraceptive use among married women 15-49 years old(any method):  55% (2007-2012)
Unmet need of contraceptive:  20.5% (2008)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:  2.085 million (2012)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:  135,500 (2012)
Literacy:

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 62.8%
male: 75.2%
female: 50.8% (2006 est.)

Economy
GDP (purchasing power parity):  $4.962 trillion (2013 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):  $1.758 trillion (2013 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:  3.8% (2013 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):  $4,000 (2013 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 16.9%
industry: 17%
services: 66.1% (2013 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:  agriculture: 52%
industry: 14%
services: 34% (2009 est.)
Population below poverty line: 25% (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 10.9% (2009 est.)
Investment (gross fixed): 32.3% of GDP (2009 est.)
Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish
Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software, pharmaceuticals
Industrial production growth rate: 8.2% (2009 est.)
Exports - commodities: petroleum products, precious stones, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, vehicles, apparel
Currency (code): Indian rupee (INR)
Others
Nationality: noun: Indian(s)
adjective: Indian

Religions: 

 Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)

Languages: 

 English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language
Country name: conventional long form: Republic of India
conventional short form: India
Government type:  federal republic
Capital: name: New Delhi
geographic coordinates: 28 36 N, 77 12 E
time difference: UTC+5.5 (10.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions: 28 states and 7 union territories*; Andaman and Nicobar Islands*, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh*, Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli*, Daman and Diu*, Delhi*, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep*, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Puducherry*, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, West Bengal
Independence:  15 August 1947 (from UK)
Legal system: based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; separate personal law codes apply to Muslims, Christians, and Hindus
 
 

 
 

Source :

UN_Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and other national surveys; United Nations Population Division
CIA The World Factbook

Update date: August 2014