China
Geography
| Location | Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam. |
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| Area | total: 9,596,961 sq km land: 9,569,901 sq km water: 27,060 sq km |
| Natural Resources | coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminium, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest) |
Others
| Nationality | noun: Chinese (singular and plural) adjective: Chinese |
|---|---|
| Religions | Buddhist 18.2%, Christian 5.1%, Muslim 1.8%, folk religion < .1%, Hindu < .1%, Jewish < .1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 52.2% (2010 est.) |
| Languages | Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) note: Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uyghur is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet) |
| Country name | conventional long form: People's Republic of China conventional short form: China |
| Government type | Communist state |
| Capital | name: Beijing geographic coordinates: 39 56 N, 116 24 E time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: despite its size, all of China falls within one time zone |
| Administrative divisions | 23 provinces (sheng, singular and plural), 5 autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural), and 4 municipalities (shi, singular and plural) provinces: Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; (see note on Taiwan) autonomous regions: Guangxi, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Xizang (Tibet) municipalities: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Tianjin note: China considers Taiwan its 23rd province; see separate entries for the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau |
| Independence | 221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Manchu Dynasty replaced by a Republic); 1 October 1949 (People's Republic established) |
| Legal system | based on civil law system; derived from Soviet and continental civil code legal principles; legislature retains power to interpret statutes; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
Economy
| GDP (purchasing power parity) | $13.37 trillion (2013 est.) |
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| GDP (official exchange rate) | $8.939 trillion (2013 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 7.6% (2013 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP) | $9,800 (2013 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | $9,800 (2013 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | 797.6 million (2013 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 13.4% (2011) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.6% (2013 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | world leader in gross value of agricultural output; rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish |
| Industries | mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites |
| Industrial production growth rate | 7.7% (2013 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | electrical and other machinery, including data processing equipment, apparel, textiles, iron and steel, optical and medical equipment |
| Currency (code) | yuan (CNY); note - also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB) |
| Fiscal year | Calendar year |
Population and Health
| Population | 1,349,585,838 (July 2013 est.) |
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| Age structure | 0-14 years: 17.2% (male 124,773,577/female 107,286,198) 15-24 years: 15.4% (male 109,922,192/female 98,325,568) 25-54 years: 46.7% (male 322,161,347/female 308,101,780) 55-64 years: 11.3% (male 77,374,476/female 75,289,733) 65 years and over: 9.4% (male 60,597,243/female 65,753,724) (2013 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0.46% (2013 est.) |
| Birth rate | 12.25 births/1,000 population (2013 est.) |
| Death rate | 7.31 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.17 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2013 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 15.2 deaths/1,000 live births male: 15.16 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 74.99 years male: 72.96 years female: 77.27 years (2013 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.55 children born/woman (2013 est.) |
| Current contraceptive use among married women 15-49 years old(any method) | 85% (2007-2012) |
| Unmet need of contraceptive | 2.3%(2001) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 780,000 (2012) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | 26,000 (2012) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 95.1% male: 97.5% female: 92.7% (2010 est.) |